Direct upgrade to Oracle Database 23c is not supported.
Solution: Upgrade to an intermediate Oracle Database release that can be directly upgraded to the current release. Upgrade Oracle Database releases that are not supported for direct upgrade in this release to an intermediate Oracle Database release that is supported for direct upgrade.
When upgrading to an intermediate Oracle Database release, follow the instructions in the intermediate release documentation, including running the preupgrade scripts for that intermediate release. After you complete an upgrade to the intermediate release Oracle Database, you can upgrade the intermediate release database to the current Oracle Database release.
This restriction does not apply if you use Oracle Data Pump export/import to migrate data to the new release.
For example:
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Releases 12.2.0.1, 12.2.0.2. 12.2.0.3, 12.2.0.4, 18c: Upgrade to Oracle Database 21c, and then upgrade to Oracle Database 23c.
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Releases 12.1.0.1, 12.1.0.2, 11.2.0.3, 11.2.0.4: Upgrade to Oracle Database 12c Release 2 (12.2), upgrade to Oracle Database 21c, and then upgrade to Oracle Database 23c.
Note: Always update to the most recent intermediate release to which you can upgrade directly. Your case can be different from that of the examples provided here.
