Sql Server数据库常用TransactSQL脚本(推荐)

数据运维 2023-04-21 共饮一杯手机阅读

Transact-SQL Transact-SQL（又称 T-SQL），是在 Microsoft SQL Server 和 Sybase SQL Server 上的 ANSI SQL 实现，与 Oracle 的 PL/SQL 性质相近（不只是实现 ANSI SQL，也为自身数据库系统的特性提供实现支持）

Transact-SQL

Transact-SQL（又称 T-SQL），是在 Microsoft SQL Server 和 Sybase SQL Server 上的 ANSI SQL 实现，与 Oracle 的 PL/SQL 性质相近（不只是实现 ANSI SQL，也为自身数据库系统的特性提供实现支持），在 Microsoft SQL Server 和 Sybase Adaptive Server 中仍然被使用为核心的查询语言。

数据库

1、创建数据库

USE master ; GO CREATE DATABASE Sales ON ( NAME = Sales_dat, FILENAME = 'C:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL ServerMSSQL13.MSSQLSERVERMSSQLDATAsaledat.mdf', SIZE = 10, MAXSIZE = 50, FILEGROWTH = 5 ) LOG ON ( NAME = Sales_log, FILENAME = 'C:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL ServerMSSQL13.MSSQLSERVERMSSQLDATAsalelog.ldf', SIZE = 5MB, MAXSIZE = 25MB, FILEGROWTH = 5MB ) ; GO

2、查看数据库

SELECT name, database_id, create_date FROM sys.databases ;

3、删除数据库

DROP DATABASE Sales;

表

1、创建表

CREATE TABLE PurchaseOrderDetail ( ID uniqueidentifier NOT NULL ,LineNumber smallint NOT NULL ,ProductID int NULL ,UnitPrice money NULL ,OrderQty smallint NULL ,ReceivedQty float NULL ,RejectedQty float NULL ,DueDate datetime NULL );

2、删除表

DROP TABLE dbo.PurchaseOrderDetail;

3、重命名表

EXEC sp_rename 'Sales.SalesTerritory', 'SalesTerr';

列

1、添加列

ALTER TABLE dbo.doc_exa ADD column_b VARCHAR(20) NULL, column_c INT NULL ;

2、删除列

ALTER TABLE dbo.doc_exb DROP COLUMN column_b;

3、重命名列

EXEC sp_rename 'Sales.SalesTerritory.TerritoryID', 'TerrID', 'COLUMN';

约束

1、主键

--在现有表中创建主键 ALTER TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive ADD CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (TransactionID);

--在新表中创建主键 CREATE TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive1 ( TransactionID int IDENTITY (1,1) NOT NULL , CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (TransactionID) ) ;

--查看主键 SELECT name FROM sys.key_constraints WHERE type = 'PK' AND OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) = N'TransactionHistoryArchive'; GO --删除主键 ALTER TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive DROP CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID; GO

视图

1、创建视图

CREATE VIEW V_EmployeeHireDate AS SELECT p.FirstName, p.LastName, e.HireDate FROM HumanResources.Employee AS e JOIN Person.Person AS p ON e.BusinessEntityID = p.BusinessEntityID ; GO

2、删除视图

DROP VIEW V_EmployeeHireDate;

存储过程

1、创建存储过程

CREATE PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeesTest @LastName nvarchar(50), @FirstName nvarchar(50) AS SELECT FirstName, LastName, Department FROM HumanResources.vEmployeeDepartmentHistory WHERE FirstName = @FirstName AND LastName = @LastName AND EndDate IS NULL; GO

2、删除存储过程

DROP PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeesTest;

3、执行存储过程

EXEC P_UspGetEmployeesTest N'Ackerman', N'Pilar'; -- Or EXEC P_UspGetEmployeesTest @LastName = N'Ackerman', @FirstName = N'Pilar'; GO -- Or EXECUTE P_UspGetEmployeesTest @FirstName = N'Pilar', @LastName = N'Ackerman'; GO

4、重命名存储过程

EXEC sp_rename 'P_UspGetAllEmployeesTest', 'P_UspEveryEmployeeTest2';

5、带有输出参数的存储过程

CREATE PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeeSalesYTD @SalesPerson nvarchar(50), @SalesYTD money OUTPUT AS SELECT @SalesYTD = SalesYTD FROM SalesPerson AS sp JOIN vEmployee AS e ON e.BusinessEntityID = sp.BusinessEntityID WHERE LastName = @SalesPerson; RETURN GO

--调用 DECLARE @SalesYTDBySalesPerson money; EXECUTE P_UspGetEmployeeSalesYTD N'Blythe', @SalesYTD = @SalesYTDBySalesPerson OUTPUT; GO

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