Mysql 5.5.56版本（二进制包安装）自定义安装路径

数据运维 2023-04-28 大白菜程序猿 手机阅读

安装路径：/application/mysql-5.5.56 1.前期准备 mysql依赖 libaioyum install -y libaio 创建用户mysql，以该用户的身份执行mysql useradd -s /bin/false -M mysql 下载mysql二进制包并解压 cd /toolswget https://dev.m

                        <p>安装路径：/application/mysql-5.5.56</p>

1.前期准备

mysql依赖

libaio yum install -y libaio

创建用户mysql，以该用户的身份执行mysql

useradd -s /bin/false -M mysql

下载mysql二进制包并解压

cd /tools wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.56-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz tar -zxf mysql-5.5.56-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /application/

切换到/application目录，将mysql文件夹名改短,给mysql目录做一个软链接

cd /application/ mv mysql-5.5.56-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ mysql-5.5.56 ln -s mysql-5.5.56/ mysql

递归设置mysql目录的所属组和所属用户

chown -R mysql:mysql mysql-5.5.56/

2.mysql目录内操作

cd mysql

初始化数据库

会在mysql目录内生成一个data目录，存放数据库的目录

./scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/application/mysql/data/ --user=mysql

更改所属用户和组

chown -R root . chown -R mysql data

除了mysql目录下的data目录所属用户不变，其他所有文件的所属用户改为root

拷贝配置文件

cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

将mysql的配置文件拷贝为/etc/目录下的my.cnf

修改配置文件

sed -i 28i'log-error=/application/mysql/data/mysqld.error' /etc/my.cnf

在配置文件插入了一行，进行配置错误日志

/etc/my.cnf Content:

  1. Example MySQL config file for medium systems.
    1. This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays
  3. an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with
  4. other programs (such as a web server)
    1. MySQL programs look for option files in a set of
  6. locations which depend on the deployment platform.
  7. You can copy this option file to one of those
  8. locations. For information about these locations, see:
  9. http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html
    1. In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.
  11. If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program
  12. with the "--help" option.
  13. The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients [client] #password = your_password port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
  14. Here follows entries for some specific programs
  15. The MySQL server [mysqld] port = 3306 log-error=/application/mysql/data/mysqld.error socket = /tmp/mysql.sock skip-external-locking key_buffer_size = 16M max_allowed_packet = 1M table_open_cache = 64 sort_buffer_size = 512K net_buffer_length = 8K read_buffer_size = 256K read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
  16. Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
  17. if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
  18. All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
  19. Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
  20. (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
  21. #skip-networking
  22. Replication Master Server (default)
  23. binary logging is required for replication log-bin=mysql-bin
  24. binary logging format - mixed recommended binlog_format=mixed
  25. required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
  26. defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
  27. but will not function as a master if omitted server-id = 1
  28. Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)
    1. To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between
  30. two methods :
    1. 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -
  32. the syntax is:
    1. CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=, MASTER_PORT=,
  34. MASTER_USER=, MASTER_PASSWORD= ;
    1. where you replace , , by quoted strings and
  36. by the master's port number (3306 by default).
    1. Example:
    1. CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,
  39. MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';
    1. OR
    1. 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then
  42. start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example
  43. if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to
  44. connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later
  45. change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and
  46. overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown
  47. the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.
  48. For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched
  49. (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)
    1. required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1
  51. (and different from the master)
  52. defaults to 2 if master-host is set
  53. but will not function as a slave if omitted #server-id = 2
    1. The replication master for this slave - required #master-host =
    1. The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting
  56. to the master - required #master-user =
    1. The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to
  58. the master - required #master-password =
    1. The port the master is listening on.
  60. optional - defaults to 3306 #master-port =
    1. binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended #log-bin=mysql-bin
  62. Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables #innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data #innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend #innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data
  63. You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
  64. of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high #innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M #innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M
  65. Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size #innodb_log_file_size = 5M #innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M #innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 #innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] no-auto-rehash
  66. Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL #safe-updates [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 20M sort_buffer_size = 20M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout

拷贝启动程序

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

将mysql的启动程序拷贝到/etc/init.d/目录下，以便启动程序

编辑启动文件，配置启动目录

方法一：

思路是给配置文件提供的变量进行赋值。较麻烦。

sed -i ':a;N;$!ba;s/basedir=\ndatadir=/basedir=\/application\/mysql\ndatadir=\/application\/mysql\/data/g' /etc/init.d/mysql sed -i ':a;N;$!ba;s/mysqld_pid_file_path=\n/mysqld_pid_file_path=\/application\/mysql\/data\/mysqld.pid\n/g' /etc/init.d/mysql

等价于将45、46两行

basedir= datadir= mysqld_pid_file_path=

替换成

basedir=/application/mysql datadir=/application/mysql/data mysqld_pid_file_path=/application/mysql/data/mysql.pid

方法二(推荐)：

思路是将脚本的默认地址(/usr/local/mysql)直接替换成自定义路径(/application/mysql)，便不用给变量赋值

sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysql

到这里mysql安装完成可以正常启动

3.后期结尾

命令创建软链接

将mysql命令创建软链接到环境变量的目录，使用户可以在变量找到相应的命令

ln -s /application/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/sbin

设置与修改密码

第一次设置密码：

mysqladmin -u'' password ''

例子：

mysqladmin -u'root' password 'PassWord'

往后修改密码：

mysqladmin -u'' -p'' password ''

例子：

mysqladmin -u'root' -p'PassWord' password 'NewPassWord'

登录mysql

$ mysql -u'root' -p'PassWord' Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. ... mysql> #成功登陆到mysql控制台 $ mysql -uroot -pPassWord Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. ... mysql> #成功登陆到mysql控制台 $ mysql -u'root' -p Enter password: #这里输入用户的密码 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. ...

mysql> #成功登陆到mysql控制台

$ mysql -uroot -p Enter password: #这里输入用户的密码 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. ...

mysql> #成功登陆到mysql控制台

键入quit或Ctrl + d退出mysql环境

mysql> quit Bye [root@www mysql]# or mysql> ^DBye [root@www mysql]#

4.常用命令

进入mysql

mysql -u'root' -p'PassWord' mysql -uroot -pPassWord mysql -u'root' -p mysql -uroot -p

启动mysql

service mysql start

停止mysql

service mysql stop

重启mysql

service mysql restart

以上所述是小编给大家介绍的Mysql 5.5.56版本（二进制包安装）自定义安装路径步骤记录，希望对大家有所帮助，如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言，小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对每日运维网站的支持！