mysql字符集编码错误的导入数据会提示错误了，这个和插入数据一样如果保存的数据与mysql编码不一样那么肯定会出现导入乱码或插入数据丢失的问题，下面我们一起来看一个例子。 s
<p>mysql字符集编码错误的导入数据会提示错误了，这个和插入数据一样如果保存的数据与mysql编码不一样那么肯定会出现导入乱码或插入数据丢失的问题，下面我们一起来看一个例子。</p>
恢复数据库报错：由于字符集问题，最原始的数据库默认编码是latin1，新备份的数据库的编码是utf8，因此导致恢复错误。
[root@hk byrd]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p'admin' t4x < /tmp/11x-B-2014-06-18.sql
ERROR 1064 (42000) at line 292: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ''[caption id=\"attachment_271\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"300\"]
修复方法(未实测)：
[root@Test ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p'admin' --default-character-set=latin1 t4x < /tmp/11x-B-2014-06-18.sql
MySQL
-- MySQL dump 10.13 Distrib 5.5.37, for Linux (x86_64)
-- Host: localhost Database: t4x
-- Server version 5.5.37-log
/!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT /;
/!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS /;
/!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION /;
/!40101 SET NAMES utf8 /;
/!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE /;
/!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=' 00:00' /;
/!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 /;
/!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 /;
/!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' /;
/!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 /;
-- Current Database: t4x
CREATE DATABASE /!32312 IF NOT EXISTS/ t4x /!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 /;
-- Table structure for table wp_baidusubmit_sitemap
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS wp_baidusubmit_sitemap;
/!40101 SET @saved_cs_client = @@character_set_client /;
/!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 /;
CREATE TABLE wp_baidusubmit_sitemap (
sid int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
url varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
type tinyint(4) NOT NULL,
create_time int(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
start int(11) DEFAULT '0',
end int(11) DEFAULT '0',
item_count int(10) unsigned DEFAULT '0',
file_size int(10) unsigned DEFAULT '0',
lost_time int(10) unsigned DEFAULT '0',
PRIMARY KEY (sid),
KEY start (start),
KEY end (end)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=84 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
/!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client /;
0
1
[root@hk byrd]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p'admin' t4x < /tmp/t4x-B-2014-06-17.sql
ERROR 1064 (42000) at line 295: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ''i' at line 1
MySQL
-- MySQL dump 10.11
-- Host: localhost Database: t4x
-- Server version 5.0.95-log
/!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT /;
/!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS /;
/!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION /;
/!40101 SET NAMES utf8 /;
/!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE /;
/!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=' 00:00' /;
/!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 /;
/!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 /;
/!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' /;
/!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 /;
--
-- Current Database: t4x
CREATE DATABASE /!32312 IF NOT EXISTS/ t4x /!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 /;
USE t4x;
-- Table structure for table wp_baidusubmit_sitemap
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS wp_baidusubmit_sitemap;
/!40101 SET @saved_cs_client = @@character_set_client /;
/!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 /;
CREATE TABLE wp_baidusubmit_sitemap (
sid int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
url varchar(255) NOT NULL default '',
type tinyint(4) NOT NULL,
create_time int(10) NOT NULL default '0',
start int(11) default '0',
end int(11) default '0',
item_count int(10) unsigned default '0',
file_size int(10) unsigned default '0',
lost_time int(10) unsigned default '0',
PRIMARY KEY (sid),
KEY start (start),
KEY end (end)
) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=83 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
/!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client /;
字符集相关：
MySQL
mysql>show variables like '%character_set%';
| Variable_name |
Value |
| character_set_client |
utf8 |
| character_set_connection |
utf8 |
| character_set_database |
utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem |
binary |
| character_set_results |
utf8 |
| character_set_server |
latin1 |
| character_set_system |
utf8 |
| character_sets_dir |
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
mysql>set names gbk;
mysql>show variables like '%character_set%';
| Variable_name |
Value |
| character_set_client |
gbk |
| character_set_connection |
gbk |
| character_set_database |
utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem |
binary |
| character_set_results |
gbk |
| character_set_server |
latin1 |
| character_set_system |
utf8 |
| character_sets_dir |
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
| mysql>system cat /etc/my.cnf |
grep default #客户端设置字符集client下面
default-character-set=gbk
mysql>show variables like '%character_set%'; |
| Variable_name |
Value |
| character_set_client |
gbk |
|
character_set_connection |
gbk |
|
character_set_database |
latin1 |
|
character_set_filesystem |
binary |
|
character_set_results |
gbk |
|
character_set_server |
latin1 |
|
character_set_system |
utf8 |
|
character_sets_dir |
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
| mysql> system cat /etc/my.cnf |
grep character-set-server #客户端设置字符集mysqld下面 |
character-set-server = cp1250
mysql> show variables like '%character_set%';
| Variable_name |
Value |
| character_set_client |
utf8 |
| character_set_connection |
utf8 |
| character_set_database |
cp1250 |
| character_set_filesystem |
binary |
| character_set_results |
utf8 |
| character_set_server |
cp1250 |
| character_set_system |
utf8 |
| character_sets_dir |
/byrd/service/mysql/5.6.26/share/charsets/ |
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
其他的一些设置方法：
修改数据库的字符集
mysql>use mydb
mysql>alter database mydb character set utf-8;
创建数据库指定数据库的字符集
mysql>create database mydb character set utf-8;
通过配置文件修改:
修改/var/lib/mysql/mydb/db.opt
default-character-set=latin1
default-collation=latin1_swedish_ci
为
default-character-set=utf8
default-collation=utf8_general_ci
重起MySQL:
[root@bogon ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql restart
通过MySQL命令行修改:
mysql> set character_set_client=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set character_set_connection=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set character_set_database=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set character_set_results=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set character_set_server=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set character_set_system=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> set collation_connection=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> set collation_database=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> set collation_server=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
查看:
mysql> show variables like 'characterset%';
| Variable_name |
Value |
| character_set_client |
utf8 |
| character_set_connection |
utf8 |
| character_set_database |
utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem |
binary |
| character_set_results |
utf8 |
| character_set_server |
utf8 |
| character_set_system |
utf8 |
| character_sets_dir |
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
8 rows in set (0.03 sec)
mysql> show variables like 'collation_%';
| Variable_name |
Value |
| collation_connection |
utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database |
utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server |
utf8_general_ci |
3 rows in set (0.04 sec)
总结
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